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The Common Goldfish (Carassius auratus) is perhaps the most iconic and widely recognized coldwater fish in the hobby. Originating from East Asia, these hardy and adaptable cyprinids have been selectively bred for centuries, resulting in their characteristic, often vibrant orange, red, white, or variegated coloration. Known for their robust bodies, single caudal fin, and generally peaceful temperament, Common Goldfish are excellent beginner fish, though their potential adult size and waste production are often underestimated. They thrive in spacious aquariums (a minimum of 20-30 gallons for a single adult, with 10-20 additional gallons per extra fish is recommended), large indoor tubs, or outdoor ponds, where they can reach lengths of up to 10-14 inches and live for 10-15 years or even longer with proper care. As omnivores, their diet should consist of high-quality flakes or pellets specifically formulated for goldfish, supplemented with fresh vegetables and occasional protein sources. They are messy eaters and produce a significant bio-load, necessitating robust filtration and regular, large water changes to maintain pristine water quality. While generally tolerant of a range of temperatures, they prefer cooler water (65-75°F or 18-24°C) and are not suitable for tropical community tanks. Their social nature means they do well in groups of their own kind, but care must be taken when housing with other goldfish varieties to ensure non-aggressive feeding competition. Engaging and interactive, Common Goldfish make wonderful, long-lived companions for dedicated aquarists.

Coldwater fish, not for tropical tanks.